Optimization of the extraction of phenolic compounds by decoction on the leaves and stems of Momordica charantia

Abstract

The optimization of the extraction of phenolic compounds by decoction on the leaves and stems of M. Charantia was the subject of this study. Thus, a quantification of total polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as the evaluation of the color index and the pH were carried out. The total polyphenol content was determined using the folin-ciocalteu reagent and that of flavonoids using the aluminum trichloride method. The results obtained indicate that the polyphenol and flavonoid contents are higher in the leaves (PPT: 0.252 g EAG/100 g, FT: 0.098 g EC/100 g) than in the stems (PPT: 0.053 g EAG/100 g, FT: 0.015g EC/100g). The comparison of the content of the different extracts showed that the leaves and stems of the Fatick region are richer in phenolic compounds than that of Dakar. However, the optimal levels of polyphenols are obtained after 2 h of extraction for the stems of Dakar and 2 h 20 minutes for the stems of Fatick with respective concentrations of 0.024 and 0.037gEAG/100g of extract, whereas the duration optimal for the extraction of flavonoids on the stems is 2 h.