Exploring the therapeutic potential of Psidium guajava and beta vulgaris extracts for peptic ulcers: A natural alternative to conventional medications

Abstract

Peptic ulcers pose a significant challenge in modern medicine, necessitating the exploration of alternative treatments to conventional medications. This study investigates the potential of Psidium guajava and Beta vulgaris extracts as alternative treatments for peptic ulcers. Physicochemical analysis reveals that Psidium guajava extract is rich in flavonoids, while Beta vulgaris extract contains saponins. Fractionation followed by GC-MS analysis identifies beta-bisabolene and caffeic acid in the Psidium guajava extract, compounds known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Comparative chromatography confirms the presence of caffeic acid in Beta vulgaris extract, which is recognized for its high antioxidant properties. Using a rat model of pylorus ligation-induced ulcers, the combined extract of Psidium guajava and Beta vulgaris effectively reduces gastric acid secretion, inhibits ulcers, and provides Cytoprotective effects. Histopathological analysis confirms the effectiveness of Psidium guajava's flavonoids and Beta vulgarise Saponins in treating peptic ulcers. These findings highlight the potential of Psidium guajava and Beta vulgaris extracts as promising alternatives for peptic ulcer management, offering a safer and more efficient approach to ulcer therapy.