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Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

The Lancet Neurology · 2021 · Vol. 20(10) · pp. 795–820

Valery L. Feigin✉(Institute of Cardiology)Benjamin Stark(Institute of Cardiology)Catherine O. Johnson(Auckland University of Technology)Gregory A. Roth(Auckland University of Technology)Catherine Bisignano(Institute of Cardiology)Gdiom Gebreheat(Institute of Cardiology)Mitra Abbasifard(Institute of Cardiology)Mohsen Abbasi‐Kangevari(Auckland University of Technology)Foad Abd-Allah(Institute of Cardiology)Vida Abedi(Auckland University of Technology)Ahmed Abualhasan(Institute of Cardiology)Niveen ME Abu-Rmeileh(Auckland University of Technology)Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk(Institute of Cardiology)Oladimeji Adebayo(Institute of Cardiology)Gina Agarwal(Auckland University of Technology)Pradyumna Agasthi(Auckland University of Technology)Bright Opoku Ahinkorah(Institute of Cardiology)Sohail Ahmad(Institute of Cardiology)Sepideh Ahmadi(Institute of Cardiology)Yusra Ahmed Salih(Institute of Cardiology)Budi Aji(Auckland University of Technology)Samaneh Akbarpour(Auckland University of Technology)Rufus Akinyemi(Auckland University of Technology)Hanadi Al Hamad(Institute of Cardiology)Fares Alahdab(Institute of Cardiology)Sheikh Mohammad Alif(Auckland University of Technology)Vahid Alipour(Institute of Cardiology)Syed Mohamed Aljunid(Institute of Cardiology)Sami Almustanyir(Auckland University of Technology)Rajaa Al‐Raddadi(Institute of Cardiology)Rustam Al‐Shahi Salman(Institute of Cardiology)Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán(Institute of Cardiology)Robert Ancuceanu(Auckland University of Technology)Deanna Anderlini(Auckland University of Technology)Jason A Anderson(Institute of Cardiology)Adnan Ansar(Institute of Cardiology)Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo(Institute of Cardiology)Jalal Arabloo(Institute of Cardiology)Johan Ärnlöv(Auckland University of Technology)Kurnia Dwi Artanti(Institute of Cardiology)Zahra Aryan(Auckland University of Technology)Samaneh Asgari(Auckland University of Technology)Tahira Ashraf(Auckland University of Technology)Mohammad Athar(Institute of Cardiology)Alok Atreya(Institute of Cardiology)Marcel Ausloos(Auckland University of Technology)Atif Amin Baig(Institute of Cardiology)Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu(Auckland University of Technology)Maciej Banach(Institute of Cardiology)Miguel A. Barboza(Auckland University of Technology)Suzanne Barker‐Collo(Auckland University of Technology)Till Bärnighausen(Auckland University of Technology)Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barone(Auckland University of Technology)Sanjay Basu(Auckland University of Technology)Gholamreza Bazmandegan(Institute of Cardiology)Ettore Beghi(Institute of Cardiology)Mahya Beheshti(Institute of Cardiology)Yannick Béjot(Institute of Cardiology)Arielle Wilder Bell(Auckland University of Technology)Derrick Bennett(Institute of Cardiology)Isabela M. Benseñor(Auckland University of Technology)Woldesellassie Bezabhe(Institute of Cardiology)Yihienew Mequanint Bezabih(Institute of Cardiology)Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula(Auckland University of Technology)Pankaj Bhardwaj(Auckland University of Technology)Krittika Bhattacharyya(Auckland University of Technology)Ali Bijani(Institute of Cardiology)Boris Bikbov(Auckland University of Technology)Mulugeta Molla Birhanu(Auckland University of Technology)Archith Boloor(Auckland University of Technology)Aimé Bonny(Institute of Cardiology)Michael Bräuer(Auckland University of Technology)Hermann Brenner(Auckland University of Technology)Dana Bryazka(Institute of Cardiology)Zahid A Butt(Auckland University of Technology)Florentino Luciano Caetano dos SantosIsmael Campos‐Nonato(Institute of Cardiology)Carlos Cantú‐Brito(Institute of Cardiology)Juan Jesús Carrero(Auckland University of Technology)Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela(Auckland University of Technology)Alberico L. Catapano(Institute of Cardiology)Promit Ananyo Chakraborty(Auckland University of Technology)Jaykaran Charan(Auckland University of Technology)Sonali G Choudhari(Institute of Cardiology)E. Chowdhury(Auckland University of Technology)Dinh‐Toi Chu(Institute of Cardiology)Sheng‐Chia Chung(Institute of Cardiology)David Colozza(Institute of Cardiology)Vera Marisa Costa(Institute of Cardiology)Simona Costanzo(Auckland University of Technology)Michael H Criqui(Auckland University of Technology)Omid Dadras(Auckland University of Technology)Baye Dagnew(Auckland University of Technology)Xiaochen Dai(Auckland University of Technology)Koustuv Dalal(Institute of Cardiology)Albertino Antonio Moura Damasceno(Auckland University of Technology)Emanuele D’Amico(Auckland University of Technology)Lalit Dandona(Auckland University of Technology)Rakhi Dandona(Institute of Cardiology)Jiregna Darega Gela(Auckland University of Technology)Kairat Davletov(Institute of Cardiology)Vanessa De la Cruz‐Góngora(Auckland University of Technology)Rupak Desai(Institute of Cardiology)Deepak Dhamnetiya(Auckland University of Technology)Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne(Institute of Cardiology)Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal(Institute of Cardiology)Meghnath Dhimal(Auckland University of Technology)Daniel Díaz(Auckland University of Technology)Martin Dichgans(Institute of Cardiology)Клара Докова(Institute of Cardiology)Rajkumar Doshi(Institute of Cardiology)Abdel Douiri(Auckland University of Technology)Bruce Bartholow Duncan(Institute of Cardiology)Sahar Eftekharzadeh(Institute of Cardiology)Michael Ekholuenetale(Institute of Cardiology)Nevine El Nahas(Auckland University of Technology)Islam Y. Elgendy(Auckland University of Technology)Muhammed Elhadi(Institute of Cardiology)Shaimaa I El-Jaafary(Auckland University of Technology)Matthias Endres(Auckland University of Technology)Aman Yesuf Endries(Auckland University of Technology)Daniel Erku(Institute of Cardiology)Emerito Jose A Faraon(Auckland University of Technology)Umar Farooque(Auckland University of Technology)Farshad Farzadfar(Auckland University of Technology)Abdullah Feroze(Institute of Cardiology)Irina Filip(Auckland University of Technology)Florian Fischer(Institute of Cardiology)David Flood(Auckland University of Technology)Mohamed M. Gad(Institute of Cardiology)Shilpa Gaidhane(Institute of Cardiology)Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh(Institute of Cardiology)Ahmad Ghashghaee(Auckland University of Technology)Nermin Ghith(Auckland University of Technology)Ghozali Ghozali(Auckland University of Technology)Sherief Ghozy(Institute of Cardiology)Alessandro Gialluisi(Auckland University of Technology)Simona Giampaoli(Auckland University of Technology)Syed Amir Gilani(Auckland University of Technology)Paramjit Gill(Institute of Cardiology)E. V. Gnedovskaya(Institute of Cardiology)Mahaveer Golechha(Auckland University of Technology)Alessandra C. Goulart(Auckland University of Technology)Yuming Guo(Institute of Cardiology)Tarun Gupta(Auckland University of Technology)Veer Bala Gupta(Institute of Cardiology)Vivek Gupta(Auckland University of Technology)Pradip Gyanwali(Institute of Cardiology)Nima Hafezi‐Nejad(Auckland University of Technology)Samer Hamidi(Auckland University of Technology)Asif Hanif(Institute of Cardiology)Graeme J. Hankey(Institute of Cardiology)Arief Hargono(Auckland University of Technology)Abdiwahab Hashi(Institute of Cardiology)Treska S Hassan(Auckland University of Technology)Hamid Yimam Hassen(Institute of Cardiology)Rasmus Havmoeller(Institute of Cardiology)Simon I Hay(Institute of Cardiology)Khezar Hayat(Institute of Cardiology)Mohamed Hegazy(Auckland University of Technology)Claudiu Herţeliu(Institute of Cardiology)Ramesh Holla(Auckland University of Technology)Sorin Hostiuc(Auckland University of Technology)Mowafa Househ(Institute of Cardiology)Junjie Huang(Auckland University of Technology)Ayesha Humayun(Institute of Cardiology)Bing‐Fang Hwang(Institute of Cardiology)Licia Iacoviello(Institute of Cardiology)Ivo Iavicoli(Institute of Cardiology)Segun Emmanuel IbitoyeOlayinka Stephen Ilesanmi(Auckland University of Technology)Irena Ilić(Institute of Cardiology)Milena Ilić(Institute of Cardiology)Usman Iqbal(Institute of Cardiology)Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani(Institute of Cardiology)Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam(Institute of Cardiology)Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail(Auckland University of Technology)Hiroyasu Iso(Auckland University of Technology)Gaetano Isola(Auckland University of Technology)Masao Iwagami(Auckland University of Technology)Louis Jacob(Institute of Cardiology)Vardhmaan Jain(Institute of Cardiology)Sung‐In Jang(Institute of Cardiology)Sathish Kumar Jayapal(Auckland University of Technology)Shubha Jayaram(Institute of Cardiology)Ranil Jayawardena(Institute of Cardiology)Panniyammakal Jeemon(Auckland University of Technology)Ravi Prakash Jha(Auckland University of Technology)Walter D. Johnson(Institute of Cardiology)Jost B Jonas(Auckland University of Technology)Nitin Joseph(Institute of Cardiology)Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak(Institute of Cardiology)Mikk Jürisson(Auckland University of Technology)Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader(Auckland University of Technology)Rohollah Kalhor(Institute of Cardiology)Yogeshwar Kalkonde(Institute of Cardiology)Ashwin Kamath(Institute of Cardiology)Zahra Kamiab(Auckland University of Technology)Tanuj Kanchan(Institute of Cardiology)Himal Kandel(Auckland University of Technology)André Karch(Institute of Cardiology)Patrick DMC Katoto(Institute of Cardiology)Gbenga A Kayode(Institute of Cardiology)Pedram Keshavarz(Auckland University of Technology)Yousef Khader(Auckland University of Technology)Ejaz Ahmad Khan(Auckland University of Technology)Imteyaz Ahmad Khan(Auckland University of Technology)Maseer Khan(Auckland University of Technology)Moien AB Khan(Auckland University of Technology)Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib(Auckland University of Technology)Jagdish Khubchandani(Institute of Cardiology)Gyu Ri Kim(Auckland University of Technology)Min Seo Kim(Auckland University of Technology)Yun Jin Kim(Auckland University of Technology)Adnan Kısa(Institute of Cardiology)Sezer Kısa(Auckland University of Technology)Mika Kivimäki(Institute of Cardiology)Dhaval Kolte(Institute of Cardiology)Ali Koolivand(Auckland University of Technology)Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana(Auckland University of Technology)Ai Koyanagi(Institute of Cardiology)Kewal Krishan(Auckland University of Technology)Vijay Krishnamoorthy(Institute of Cardiology)Rita Krishnamurthi(Institute of Cardiology)G Anil Kumar(Institute of Cardiology)Dian Kusuma(Institute of Cardiology)Carlo La Vecchia(Institute of Cardiology)Ben Lacey(Institute of Cardiology)Hassan Mehmood Lak(Auckland University of Technology)Tea Lallukka(Institute of Cardiology)Savita Lasrado(Institute of Cardiology)Pablo M Lavados(Auckland University of Technology)Matilde Leonardi(Institute of Cardiology)Bingyu Li(Auckland University of Technology)Shanshan Li(Auckland University of Technology)Hualiang Lin(Institute of Cardiology)Ro‐Ting Lin(Institute of Cardiology)Xuefeng Liu(Auckland University of Technology)Warren Lo(Auckland University of Technology)Stefan Lorkowski(Auckland University of Technology)Giancarlo Lucchetti(Institute of Cardiology)Ricardo Lutzky Saute(Auckland University of Technology)Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek(Institute of Cardiology)Francesca Giulia Magnani(Auckland University of Technology)Preetam Mahajan(Institute of Cardiology)Azeem Majeed(Institute of Cardiology)Alaa Makki(Institute of Cardiology)Reza Malekzadeh(Institute of Cardiology)Ahmad Azam Malik(Institute of Cardiology)Navid Manafi(Auckland University of Technology)Mohammad Alì Mansournia(Auckland University of Technology)LG Mantovani(Institute of Cardiology)Santi Martini(Institute of Cardiology)Giampiero Mazzaglia(Institute of Cardiology)Man Mohan Mehndiratta(Auckland University of Technology)Ritesh G. Menezes(Institute of Cardiology)Atte Meretoja(Institute of Cardiology)Amanual Getnet Mersha(Institute of Cardiology)Junmei Miao Jonasson(Auckland University of Technology)Bartosz Miazgowski(Auckland University of Technology)Tomasz Miazgowski(Institute of Cardiology)Irmina Maria Michałek(Institute of Cardiology)Erkin М Мirrakhimov(Auckland University of Technology)Yousef Mohammad(Institute of Cardiology)Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani(Institute of Cardiology)Shafiu Mohammed(Institute of Cardiology)Ali H. Mokdad(Auckland University of Technology)Yaser Mokhayeri(Institute of Cardiology)Mariam Molokhia(Auckland University of Technology)Mohammad Ali Moni(Auckland University of Technology)Ahmed Al Montasir(Auckland University of Technology)Rahmatollah Moradzadeh(Auckland University of Technology)Lídia Morawska(Institute of Cardiology)Jakub Morze(Auckland University of Technology)Walter Muruet(Institute of Cardiology)Kamarul Imran Musa(Institute of Cardiology)Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan(Institute of Cardiology)Mohsen Naghavi(Institute of Cardiology)Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy(Institute of Cardiology)Bruno Ramos NascimentoRuxandra Irina NegoiSandhya Neupane Kandel(Institute of Cardiology)Trang Huyen Nguyen(Institute of Cardiology)Bo Norrving(Auckland University of Technology)Jean Jacques Noubiap(Auckland University of Technology)Vincent Ebuka Nwatah(Auckland University of Technology)Bogdan Oancea(Institute of Cardiology)Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya(Auckland University of Technology)Andrew T Olagunju(Auckland University of Technology)Hans Orru(Auckland University of Technology)Mayowa Owolabi(Institute of Cardiology)Jagadish Rao Padubidri(Institute of Cardiology)Adrian Pană(Auckland University of Technology)Tarang Parekh(Auckland University of Technology)Eun‐Cheol Park(Institute of Cardiology)Fatemeh Pashazadeh KanMona Pathak(Auckland University of Technology)Mário Fernando Prieto Peres(Institute of Cardiology)Arokiasamy Perianayagam(Auckland University of Technology)Truong‐Minh Pham(Institute of Cardiology)М. А. Пирадов(Institute of Cardiology)Vivek Podder(Auckland University of Technology)Suzanne Polinder(Institute of Cardiology)Maarten J. Postma(Auckland University of Technology)Akram Pourshams(Institute of Cardiology)Amir Radfar(Auckland University of Technology)Alireza Rafiei(Auckland University of Technology)Alberto Raggi(Auckland University of Technology)Fakher Rahim(Institute of Cardiology)Vafa Rahimi‐Movaghar(Institute of Cardiology)Mosiur Rahman(Auckland University of Technology)Muhammad Aziz Rahman(Auckland University of Technology)Amir Masoud Rahmani(Institute of Cardiology)Nazanin Rajai(Institute of Cardiology)Priyanga Ranasinghe(Institute of Cardiology)Chythra R Rao(Institute of Cardiology)Sowmya J Rao(Institute of Cardiology)Priya Rathi(Auckland University of Technology)David Laith Rawaf(Auckland University of Technology)Salman Rawaf(Auckland University of Technology)Marissa B Reitsma(Auckland University of Technology)Vishnu Renjith(Institute of Cardiology)André M. N. Renzaho(Auckland University of Technology)Aziz Rezapour(Institute of Cardiology)Jefferson Antonio Buendía(Auckland University of Technology)Leonardo Roever(Institute of Cardiology)Michele Romoli(Auckland University of Technology)Andrzej Rynkiewicz(Institute of Cardiology)Simona Sacco(Institute of Cardiology)Masoumeh Sadeghi(Auckland University of Technology)Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam(Institute of Cardiology)Amirhossein Sahebkar(Institute of Cardiology)KM Saif‐Ur‐Rahman(Auckland University of Technology)Rehab Salah(Institute of Cardiology)Mehrnoosh Samaei(Institute of Cardiology)Abdallah M Samy(Auckland University of Technology)Itamar S Santos(Institute of Cardiology)Milena M Santric-Milicevic(Institute of Cardiology)Nizal Sarrafzadegan(Auckland University of Technology)Brijesh Sathian(Auckland University of Technology)Davide Sattin(Auckland University of Technology)Silvia Schiavolin(Auckland University of Technology)Markus P. Schlaich(Auckland University of Technology)María Inês Schmidt(Auckland University of Technology)Aletta E. Schutte(Institute of Cardiology)Sadaf G Sepanlou(Auckland University of Technology)Allen Seylani(Institute of Cardiology)Feng Sha(Institute of Cardiology)Saeed Shahabi(Auckland University of Technology)Masood Ali Shaikh(Institute of Cardiology)Mohammed Shannawaz(Auckland University of Technology)Md Shajedur Rahman Shawon(Institute of Cardiology)Aziz Sheikh(Auckland University of Technology)Sara Sheikhbahaei(Auckland University of Technology)Kenji Shibuya(Auckland University of Technology)Soraya Siabani(Auckland University of Technology)Diego Augusto Santos Silva(Auckland University of Technology)Jasvinder A. Singh(Auckland University of Technology)Jitendra Kumar Singh(Institute of Cardiology)Valentin Yurievich Skryabin(Institute of Cardiology)Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina(Auckland University of Technology)Badr Hasan Sobaih(Institute of Cardiology)Stefan Stortecky(Institute of Cardiology)Saverio Stranges(Auckland University of Technology)Eyayou Girma Tadesse(Institute of Cardiology)Ingan Ukur Tarigan(Institute of Cardiology)Mohamad‐Hani Temsah(Institute of Cardiology)Yvonne Teuschl(Institute of Cardiology)Amanda G. Thrift(Institute of Cardiology)Marcello Tonelli(Institute of Cardiology)Marcos Roberto Tovani‐PaloneBach Xuan Tran(Auckland University of Technology)Manjari Tripathi(Institute of Cardiology)Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye(Auckland University of Technology)Anayat Ullah(Auckland University of Technology)Brigid Unim(Auckland University of Technology)Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan(Auckland University of Technology)Alireza Vakilian(Auckland University of Technology)Sahel Valadan Tahbaz(Auckland University of Technology)Tommi Vasankari(Institute of Cardiology)Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian(Auckland University of Technology)Dominique Vervoort(Institute of Cardiology)Bay Vo(Institute of Cardiology)Victor Volovici(Institute of Cardiology)Kia Vosoughi(Auckland University of Technology)Giang Thu Vu(Institute of Cardiology)Linh Gia Vu(Institute of Cardiology)Hatem A Wafa(Auckland University of Technology)Yasir Waheed(Institute of Cardiology)Yanzhong Wang(Auckland University of Technology)Tissa Wijeratne(Auckland University of Technology)Andrea Sylvia Winkler(Institute of Cardiology)Charles Wolfe(Auckland University of Technology)Mark Woodward(Institute of Cardiology)Jason Wu(Auckland University of Technology)Sarah Wulf Hanson(Auckland University of Technology)Xiaoyue Xu(Auckland University of Technology)Lalit Yadav(Auckland University of Technology)Ali Yadollahpour(Institute of Cardiology)Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari(Institute of Cardiology)Kazumasa Yamagishi(Auckland University of Technology)Hiroshi Yatsuya(Institute of Cardiology)Naohiro Yonemoto(Institute of Cardiology)Chuanhua Yu(Institute of Cardiology)Ismaeel Yunusa(Institute of Cardiology)Muhammed Shahriar Zaman(Auckland University of Technology)Sojib Bin Zaman(Institute of Cardiology)Maryam Zamanian(Institute of Cardiology)Ramin Zand(Institute of Cardiology)Alireza Zandifar(Auckland University of Technology)Михаил Сергеевич Застрожин(Auckland University of Technology)Anasthasia Zastrozhina(Institute of Cardiology)Yunquan Zhang(Auckland University of Technology)Zhi-Jiang Zhang(Institute of Cardiology)Chenwen Zhong(Auckland University of Technology)Yves Miel H Zuñiga(Auckland University of Technology)Christopher J L Murray(Institute of Cardiology)

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Abstract

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Acute Ischemic Stroke Management Healthcare Systems and Practices Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesBurden of diseaseStroke (engine)MedicineDiseaseDisease burdenEnvironmental healthInternal medicineEngineering

MeSH terms

Global Burden of DiseaseIschemic StrokeAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCerebral HemorrhageFemaleHumansIncomeMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSubarachnoid HemorrhageBody Mass IndexIncidence

Funding

U.S. Department of Defense
American Diabetes Association
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Alzheimer's Association
American Heart Association
Amgen
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Eli Lilly and Company
Pfizer
AstraZeneca
Bayer
Sanofi
Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Biogen
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
Alexion Pharmaceuticals
Harvard University
Korean Diabetes Association
Danone
Hamad Medical Corporation
Johns Hopkins University
McMaster University
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
Wellcome Trust
King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
International Society of Travel Medicine
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Università degli Studi di Milano
Hubei Provincial Department of Education
Birzeit University
Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical
Amarin Corporation
International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association
Amicus Therapeutics
Global Brain Health Institute
Australian Government
National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation
Fresenius Medical Care North America
Agios Pharmaceuticals
National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Amryt Pharma
Sociedad Madrileña de Nefrología
Cardinal Health
Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
Moderna
Government of Canada
National Institute for Health and Care Research
Department of Health and Social Care
King's College London
University of Oxford
Newcastle University
European Commission
Cardiff University
Australian Academy of Science
National Heart Foundation of Australia
La Trobe University
National Research Foundation
Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
University of Technology Sydney
Monash University
University of Queensland
Academy of Finland
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Ain Shams University
King Saud University
AOSpine
Fondazione Cariplo
Generalitat de Catalunya
Ministero della Salute
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
National Research Foundation of Korea
Eisai
Karolinska Institutet
King Abdulaziz University
Novo Nordisk
Kuwait University
Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
International Atomic Energy Agency
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Fondazione Umberto Veronesi
Astellas Pharma
University of Jordan
Högskolan Dalarna
Autoritatea Natională pentru Cercetare Stiintifică
Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii
Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie "Carol Davila" Bucureşti
Universitas Airlangga
Xiamen University
The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance
Istituto Auxologico Italiano
Novo Nordisk Fonden
Servier
African Academy of Sciences
Swedish Orphan Biovitrum
Casen Recordati
H. Lundbeck A/S
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
Italfarmaco
Neuraxpharm
Jenderal Soedirman University
Idorsia Pharmaceuticals
Alfaisal University
Lilly Deutschland
Intas Pharmaceuticals
National Science and Technology Council
Esperion Therapeutics
European Stroke Organisation
National Institutes of Health
Allergan
Novartis Pharma
Novo Nordisk Pharma
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Medical Research Council
National Health and Medical Research Council
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
National Research, Development and Innovation Office
Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West
DSM Nutritional Products
Fogarty International Center
Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology
Daiichi Sankyo Europe
Cilag