Exposure to chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin alone or in combination induces developmental abnormalities and lung damage in animal models: A review

Abstract

Chlorpyrifos (O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl phosphorothioate) is an organophosphate used for indoor and outdoor pest control whereas cypermethrin belongs to Type 2 pyrethroid insecticide commonly used against agricultural and domestic pests. This review focuses on the effect of these pesticides alone and in combination on physio developmental and the lung toxicity in different animal models in the light of histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and molecular level. Information such as experimental protocol focusing on the type of animal used, conditions in which experiment was conducted, dosage of pesticide and its mode of administration, duration of exposure and their main finding were extracted from research papers, which were available on pubmed database and google scholar. After the review, It was found that chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin alone or in combination elicits developmental defects and lung damage in different animal models.