Inhibition of calcium oxalate crystals growth by Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc, Phaseolus lunatus Linn, and Phaseolus vulgaris Linn: An in vitro study

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore all possible morphological features of calcium oxalate monohydrate and calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals and their habits in case of inhibition.rnMethods: The study was carried out on glass slide to observe the growth and inhibition of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals by using infusions (5-20%) of Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc, Phaseolus lunatus Linn. and Phaseolus vulgaris Linn. The reagents of double diffusion gel technique was used for this purpose. Results: Calcium oxalate crystals are divided into three types, calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate and calcium oxalate trihydrate. These types are further divided into sub types on the basis of their morphology. In case of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), these crystals are donut, dumbbell, needles, platy, prismatic, rosette, round edges and X-shaped. Whereas, calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) are reported as the elongated large rods and tetragonal bipyramidal forms. In the present study dendritic or arborescent (tree like platy crystals) were observed for the first time as the part of a COM growth. Long chain loose agglomerates and compact aggregated crystals are the common pattern of calcium oxalate crystals. All tested infusions caused growth inhibition of calcium oxalate crystals. Smaller zones of nucleation and defected shape of the grown crystals; declare as different patterns of growth inhibition. Conclusion: This study gives an extensive information about morphology, aggregation and growth inhibition of calcium oxalate crystals.