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Characteristics and Significance of the Amorphous State in Pharmaceutical Systems

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 1997 · Vol. 86(1) · pp. 1–12
Bruno C. HancockGeorge Zografi

Abstract

The amorphous state is critical in determining the solid-state physical and chemical properties of many pharmaceutical dosage forms. This review describes the characteristics of the amorphous state and some of the most common methods that can be used to measure them. Examples of pharmaceutical situations where the presence of the amorphous state plays an important role are presented. The application of our current knowledge to pharmaceutical formulation problems is illustrated, and some strategies for working with amorphous character in pharmaceutical systems are provided.

Drug Solubulity and Delivery SystemsMaterial Dynamics and PropertiesMicroencapsulation and Drying ProcessesAmorphous solidState (computer science)Pharmaceutical sciencesPharmaceutical technologyDosage formPharmaceutical industrySolid-stateBiochemical engineeringMaterials scienceComputer science

MeSH terms

Chemistry, PharmaceuticalCrystallizationX-Ray Diffraction
Citations
1,873
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References
Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers
Journal of The Electrochemical Society · 1961 · 13,470 citations
Molecular Transport in Liquids and Glasses
The Journal of Chemical Physics · 1959 · 3,880 citations
Dependence of the glass transition temperature on heating and cooling rate
The Journal of Physical Chemistry · 1974 · 988 citations
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Characteristics and Significance of the Amorphous State in Pharmaceutical Systems · Scinovex