Effect of African Locust Bean Flour, Wheat Bread and African Locust Bean Composite Wheat Bread on the Histology of Liver in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Wistar Rats

Abstract

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of African locust bean flour, wheat flour bread and African locust bean composite wheat flour bread on the histology of the liver in diabetic and non-diabetic wistar rats. Method: 60 rats were divided into 12 groups of 5 animals per group labeled A to L. Five groups specifically A to F were tag non diabetic group while G to L were tag diabetic group. Group G to L had diabetes induced in them using alloxan at 150mg /kg body weight in overnight fasted rat and the diabetic state was confirmed after 72 hours with blood glucose of 400mg/dl considered diabetic. The rats were fed with African locust bean flour, whole wheat bread and African locust bean composite wheat bread at ratio 5:95, 10:90 and 15:85 respectively for 14 days. On the 14th day, the rat were sacrificed and the liver organ harvested for histological examination. Result: Group A to F (non diabetic wistar rats) had normal liver morphology and show no sign of liver damage which signifies that the African locust bean flour, wheat bread and African locust bean composite wheat bread had no negative effect on the liver neither did it cause any form of liver damage. Similarly, Group G to K (diabetic wistar rat) had normal liver morphology and show no sign of liver damage which signifies that the African locust bean flour, wheat bread and African locust bean composite wheat bread had no negative effect on the liver neither did it cause any form of liver damage but rather may have offered hepatoprotective effect that might have resulted from alloxan induced diabetes. Lastly, Group L (diabetic wistar rat) had liver steatosis which indicate liver damage that might have resulted from alloxan induced diabetes since the rats weren't given any treatment or special feed. Conclusion: It can therefore be concluded that African locust bean flour, wheat bread and African locust bean composite wheat bread has hepatoprotective effect which suggest the trio as good nutritional feed for diabetic patient. Its therefore recommended that, the effect of the trio on fasting blood sugar and biochemical marker enzymes of the liver be investigated for proper nutritional guide and medical intervention.