Influence of dietary shrimp waste on pigmentation, growth and survival in the three-spot gourami, Trichopodus trichopterus

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of shrimp waste-supplemented diets on growth, feed utilization, survival, and carotenoid pigmentation of Trichopodus trichopterus over a 45-day feeding trial. Four diets were formulated: a control (T0) and three diets containing graded levels of shrimp waste (T4, T5, and T6). Growth parameters were monitored biweekly, while specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival, and total carotenoid content were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Fish fed shrimp waste-supplemented diets showed significantly improved growth performance (p