Comprehensive diet plan for diabetic obesity: Role of functional foods in glycaemic control and weight management

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes, is closely associated with obesity, a condition termed “diabesity”. Nutritional therapy is a key strategy for glycaemic control and weight management. This study reports a four-week dietary intervention using a culturally tailored, calorie-controlled diet rich in dietary fibre, moderate in protein, and low in fat, incorporating functional foods such as bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), millets, probiotic-rich curd and antioxidant sources like pomegranate and turmeric milk. The intervention led to a 5.1% reduction in body weight, 20% decrease in fasting blood glucose, and 21.8% improvement in postprandial glucose levels. The patient reported enhanced satiety, better digestion, and improved well-being without adverse effects. These findings suggest that a functional food-based, nutritionally balanced diet can be an effective, practical model for the management of diabesity in Indian populations.