Assessment of anxiety and depression among patients with chronic kidney disease in internal medicine wards

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health challenge affecting approximately 10% of the population, with significant psychological comorbidities such as anxiety and depression. These mental health conditions are prevalent in 30-40% of CKD patients, yet they remain underdiagnosed and undertreated, leading to poorer treatment adherence, increased hospitalization rates, and reduced quality of life. This study assesses the prevalence and severity of anxiety and depression among CKD patients in internal medicine wards, identifies associated risk factors (e.g., socioeconomic status, dialysis dependence, comorbidities), and proposes evidence-based recommendations for integrating mental health support into CKD care protocols. Using a cross-sectional observational design with mixed-methods (quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews), the study employs validated tools like the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 to evaluate psychological distress. Findings highlight the urgent need for multidisciplinary, culturally sensitive interventions to address the bidirectional relationship between CKD and mental health, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.