Chitosan: A natural ally in pest management

Abstract

The adverse effects of synthetic pesticides have spurred a search for alternative pest management options, leading to a focus on biopolymers like chitosan. Chitosan, derived from chitin, offers biodegradability, biocompatibility and human non-toxicity. Traditionally sourced from shrimps and crabs, recent studies explore insects as alternative chitin sources due to efficient extraction methods. The process involves demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation, with extraction conditions influencing biopolymer properties. Insects, comprising 95 percent of animal biodiversity, offer substantial potential for chitin and chitosan production. Chitosan's versatility finds applications in various industries, including agriculture for pest management, disease control and enhancing plant defense. Its insecticidal properties make it an attractive alternative to synthetic pesticides, aligning with organic agriculture principles. Research indicates chitosan's efficacy in disease control, with factors such as polymerization degree and environmental conditions affecting performance. Furthermore, chitosan induces plant responses and exhibits antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens. Embracing chitosan and its derivatives represents a promising step towards sustainable pest management, reducing reliance on synthetic pesticides while fostering agricultural and environmental health.