Button (Agaricus bisporus) and oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus): Cultivation and its value addition: A overview

Abstract

Button and oyster\\r\\nmushrooms (Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus,\\r\\nrespectively) are among the most widely cultivated mushroom species due to\\r\\ntheir nutritional benefits, versatility, and ease of cultivation. This study\\r\\nexamines the cultivation techniques, environmental factors, and substrates\\r\\ninvolved in growing these mushrooms, highlighting the key factors that\\r\\ninfluence yield and quality. The paper also explores the significant potential\\r\\nfor value addition to these mushrooms, including drying, powdering, processing\\r\\ninto snacks, soups, sauces, and the production of medicinal extracts. The\\r\\nnutritional profile of both species, rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins\\r\\n(especially B vitamins), minerals, and antioxidants, contributes to their\\r\\nappeal as functional foods and nutraceuticals. Moreover, their low calorie and\\r\\nfat content makes them popular in health-conscious markets. Value-added\\r\\nproducts such as mushroom powders and capsules for health supplements have seen\\r\\nincreasing demand, driven by the growing interest in plant-based,\\r\\nimmune-boosting diets. However, the growth of this sector faces challenges\\r\\nrelated to post-harvest handling, processing technology, and market access.\\r\\nThis paper concludes that with technological innovation, improved infrastructure,\\r\\nand enhanced market linkages, the cultivation and value addition of button and\\r\\noyster mushrooms can become a highly lucrative venture for smallholder farmers,\\r\\npromoting food security and sustainable rural development.