An insight into the phytochemical composition, and antioxidant characteristics of Polygonum plebeium

Abstract

Members of the Polygonaceae family, Polygonum plebeium, also known as small “knotweed”, “Chemti sag”, "Dubia sag", and "Anjaban", is found throughout the Indian subcontinent. It is used as a vegetable and has long been used to treat a variety of illnesses, such as ringworms, eczema, gastrointestinal disorders, cough, liver disease, inflammation, respiratory infections, and dysentery. Antioxidants are compounds that can scavenge free radicals and reduce the likelihood of damage caused by oxidative stress. Nowadays, a lot of work is being done to develop effective antioxidants from natural sources for the treatment and prevention of damage caused by oxidative stress because manufactured antioxidants have some negative effects. Methanol and water were used to extract the various plant sections. The presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, fats, Phenolic Compounds. Phytosterols, saponins, and carbohydrates was verified by preliminary phytochemical screening. Every extract shown encouraging antioxidant and potential properties. The leaf and stem methanol extracts from Polygonum plebeium showed TFCs of 63.23±1.12 and 36.48±1.38 mg quercetin equivalents/g extract, respectively, and phenolic compositions of 72.51±1.87 and 44.62±0.73 milligram gallic acid equivalents/g extract. The antioxidant efficacy of the leaf and stem was examined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, which produced IC50 values of 57.62±0.52 and 77.46±0.67μg/ml, respectively. The methanol extract of Polygonum plebeium leaves and stems contains rich phytoconstituents that can be utilized in food technology, pharmaceutical industries, ethnopharmacological fields, etc., to support health and counteract negative health effects, according to the previously mentioned findings.