Cuticular wax and moisture retention in mulberry leaves: A review

Abstract

Cuticular wax, a complex hydrophobic layer covering aerial parts of plants, plays a critical role in maintaining water balance and protecting leaves from environmental stresses. In mulberry (Morus spp.), an economically important plant for sericulture, the structure, composition, and function of cuticular wax significantly influence its physiological performance, particularly moisture retention. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of cuticular wax in mulberry leaves, focusing on its composition, biosynthesis, ecological significance, and its influence on water loss and stress tolerance. We also discuss recent advancements in understanding the genetic and biochemical pathways regulating cuticular wax formation and explore potential applications of these insights in enhancing mulberry cultivation under challenging climatic conditions.