The combined impact of high-protein diets and probiotics on meat quality in Indian and exotic carp

Abstract

This study evaluates the synergistic effects of high-protein diets and probiotic supplementation on the meat composition of Indian major carps and exotic carps, contributing to sustainable aquaculture practices. The experiment, conducted over a year in three earthen ponds in Uttar Pradesh, India, involved three treatments: a control (Pond T0), 30% protein supplementary feed (Pond T1), and 30% protein supplementary feed with probiotics (Pond T2). Parameters such as moisture, crude protein, fat, carbohydrates, and ash content were analyzed across six carp species. The results demonstrated significant improvements in meat quality for Pond T2, with increased protein (up to 20.69%), fat (up to 2.91%), and carbohydrate contents (up to 1.83%), coupled with reduced moisture levels compared to the control. Probiotic supplementation enhanced nutrient retention, growth performance, and feed digestibility, attributed to improved digestive enzyme activity and immune response. These findings highlight the potential of combining high-protein diets with probiotics to optimize feed formulations, reduce environmental stress, and improve fish health and meat quality in aquaculture. The approach supports the transition towards innovative and efficient practices in India's rapidly growing inland fisheries sector.