Quantitative assessment of gallic acid in Zingiber officinale by high-performance thin layer chromatography

Abstract

Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. This family is characterized by aromatic rhizomes and includes other notable species such as turmeric (Curcuma longa) and cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum). Ginger, with its long history in traditional medicine, is widely used for digestive health, alleviating nausea, and stimulating digestion. Its anti-inflammatory compounds, gingerols and shogaols, help reduce pain and swelling, particularly in arthritis. Studies also indicate that ginger may effectively relieve menstrual pain. Gallic acid is a phenolic compound known for its strong antioxidant properties, helping to neutralize free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage. It also enhances ginger's anti-inflammatory effects, supporting digestive health and potentially alleviating pain associated with conditions like arthritis. Additionally, gallic acid's antimicrobial properties may aid in boosting the immune system and promoting overall wellness. In the present study, plant rhizomes were obtained from the Ethnoveterinary Herbal Garden at the Veterinary College and Research Institute in Orathanadu, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. Gallic acid was identified and quantified using a straightforward, sensitive, and accurate High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography technique.