Kabābchīnī (Piper cubeba L.F.): A comprehensive review of its medicinal and therapeutic applications in Unani medicine

Abstract

Piper cubeba, commonly known as cubebs, is a fruit obtained from the woody climber Piper cubeba of the Piperaceae family. This versatile plant has been extensively used in Unani medicine, serving as a condiment and a therapeutic agent. It has shown diuretic, emmenagogue, antitussive, analgesic actions. Therapeutically, it has been used to treat conditions like gonorrhoea, cystitis, rheumatism and urinary incontinence. Therefore, Piper cubeba emerges as a multifaceted botanical resource within Unani medicine, offering diverse therapeutic applications. This review provides valuable insights into its pharmacological composition and potential clinical implications.