Natural farming potential to mitigate climate change for sustainable agriculture: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Natural farming is farming where plants are grown in the natural environment without the use of insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, and any other chemicals. The system works together with each farming region's natural biodiversity to inspire the complexity of living things. In natural farming, instead of using toxic elements, we can use light, alcohol, aroma, and other substances to enhance soil fertility. For chemical substances, we can use other natural sources of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash. According to Masanobu Fukuoka traditional farming methods in such a way that it requires less labour, with less disruption of nature, and maintain the soil properties. Similarly, Yoshikazu Kawaguchi’s practices are based on Fukuoka’s principles. His strategies center on minimizing human intervention in the natural world. Korean natural farming by Cho Han Kyu is based on the change of chemical-based and harmful farming methods. According to his natural farming includes indigenous microorganisms, fermented plant juice, and nutritional cycle theory. Zero-budget natural farming is also the other way of farming in which no outside-of-farm inputs are used. Only the inputs available within the farm are used. Effective microorganisms are also used in natural farming this concept is based on introducing a variety of advantageous microbes into the soil, where they improve the conditions for plant growth and health.