Exploration of analgesic, laxative and immunomodulatory effects of leaves and twigs of Euphorbia tirucalli along with in silico analysis

Abstract

This study was conducted on Euphorbia tirucalli, a herb from Euphorbiaceae family in order to assess its some pharmacological effect based on its traditional uses. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various types of phytochemical groups. Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents in this extract were 111.4 mg gallic acid equivalence/g, 105.94 mg quercetin equivalence/g and 67 mg gallic acid equivalence/g, respectively. In acetic acid-induced writhing method, this extract reduced the writhing reflex up to 65% at 400 mg/kg dose. This extract increased the stool weight up to 64% in 200 mg/kg dose. In the delayed type hypersensitivity assay, this extract showed immunomodulatory effect up to 17.74% by increasing footpad thickness in 400 mg/kg dose. From molecular docking analysis, we have found 4 compounds showed good binding affinities in anti-inflammatory and laxative tests. These experimental results justify its uses in traditional medicine and these will help to conduct higher researches on this herb.