Language acquisition in bilingual adolescent children: Factors affecting proficiency and language development

Abstract

There are numerous cognitive and socio-cultural advantages associated with bilingualism, a widespread linguistic phenomenon. In this study, we explore the multifaceted nature of bilingual language acquisition among adolescents, when linguistic habits and proficiency are becoming increasingly solidified during this critical phase. This study explores the intricate interplay of factors affecting bilingualism by drawing on 230 students from Gobind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar, Soban Singh Jeena University Almora, and Kumaun University Nainital. The survey examined areas ranging from the balance of language usage at home and with peers, the influence of formal education, prevalent linguistic challenges, and the integration of technology into language learning. According to preliminary findings, adolescents are capable of seamlessly navigating between languages, depending on their contextual needs. The majority of individuals have dedicated over five years to their current language of instruction, demonstrating that formal education in one's primary language significantly enhances proficiency. Although the journey is not without challenges, Grammar emerged as a prominent challenge, emphasizing the importance of a robust foundational language education. Further, intrinsic motivation and self-discipline are key components of bilingual language acquisition that cannot be understated. In an era characterized by global interconnectedness, this study underscores the imperativeness of recognizing and addressing the myriad factors influencing bilingual language development in adolescents. In this manner, educational systems can better prepare these young minds, resulting in a generation of proficient bilingual communicators.