Prevalence and comparison of left ventricular mass and mass index in patients among stages of hypertension

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disease and is the most important health problem met by general physicians. The development of left ventricular hypertrophy increases with the severity of hypertension. Hypertension causes increase in left ventricular mass. Left ventricular mass index is a surrogate of left ventricular hypertrophy and a predictor of cardiac morbidity and mortality in adults with hypertension. Method: 75 individuals aged from 30 to 60 years enrolled in the study from RMMCH after getting ethical approval. After a Detailed history and thorough clinical examination blood pressure was recorded and the Participants were divided based on JNC 8 guidelines as stage 1 and 2. 2 - D echocardiography was performed and Left ventricular mass (LVM) was recorded even in patients with normal ECG. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated after getting body surface area (BSA). Result: Blood pressure changes show marked variation in Left ventricular mass as well as Left ventricular mass index. Hypertensive stage 2 showed increased prevalence of LVH and marked rise in LVM and LVMI in comparison with stage 1 individuals. Blood pressure has strong positive correlation with left ventricular mass and also with ventricular mass index. Conclusion: There is rise in LVM and LVMI and increased prevalence of preclinical target organ damage when blood pressure increased from stage 1 to stage 2. LVMI is strongly related to BP.