Exploring possible mechanism of homoeopathic potentization by nanoparticle: Exclusion zone shell model

Abstract

Homoeopathy is a form of nanopharmacology. Potentization was the most significant, although controversial amongst Hahnemann's discoveries. Homeopathy is debatable because high-potency medications have large dilution factors that are several orders of magnitude more than Avogadro's number, implying that no measurable residues of the initial components should exist. Nature and bioactivity of serially diluted and succussed solutions used in homoeopathy could be explained using the Nanoparticle-Exclusion Zone Shell Model (EZ). During dilutions, nanoparticles adsorb the source drug, altering their structure and surround themselves with modified EZ shells. Both altered nanoparticles and their modified shells contain the source medication. During forceful strokes, modified EZ shells strip off and distribute as further modified EZ templates to nanoparticles and modifying their structures accordingly. As a result, source drug information develops beyond Avogadro's calculations when it moves from one dilution to the next. During trituration lactose plays very important role to promote intracellular transport as well as acts as stabilizer. New concepts are discussed in this paper, leading to a new hypothetical model for properly understanding the memory retention phenomenon and homoeopathic medicine. This paper aims to review EZ shell model hypothesis on the scientific basis of homoeopathic medicine and research opportunities.