Phytochemical analysis and biological activities of solvent extracts of Ocimum basilicum leaf and Curcuma longa rhizome and its effect on Disonycha xanthomelas

Abstract

The study was conducted in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. In this study an attempt was made to control Disonycha xanthomelas using Ocimum basilicum (leaf) and Curcuma longa (rhizome) solvent extracts. From the phytochemical analysis of methanol extracts of Ocimum basilicum leaf and Curcuma longa rhizome determined the presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins, Saponins, Glycosides, Steroids, Terpenoids, Phenols, Quinone, and Phlobotannins. In antifeedant analysis the mortality rate of Disonycha xanthomelas is increased on the basis of Petroleum ether and methanol extract concentration. After 24 to 72 hours treatment the mortality rate percentage of Disonycha xanthomelas were 3.00% to 6.66% in petroleum ether extract of Ocimum basilicum leaf and 3.60% to 6.00% were observed in Curcuma longa rhizome extract. In methanol extracts of Ocimum basilicum leaf and Curcuma longa rhizome showed 2.33% to 6.00% and 2.30% to 6.00%. Ocimum basilicum leaf extracts in both solvents are slightly more effective than petroleum ether and methanol extracts of Curcuma longa against Disonycha xanthomelas.