Identification of bioactive compounds and cytotoxic activity of Careya arborea Roxb. leaves

Abstract

Careya arborea Roxb. commonly known as wild guava, widely available in India and has a variety of traditional uses. The present study was undertaken to explore the cytotoxic potential of Careya arborea leaves. Successive extracts of selected for qualitatively and quantitatively estimated for phytochemical. The polyphenol rich extracts were evaluated for cytotoxic potential using Human nasopharynx (KB), human lung (HOP62), human cervix (ME180) and human leukemia (K562) cancerous cell lines. The ethanol extract of Careya arborea demonstrated most potent anticancer activity through its lowest GI50, TGI (amount for 50% Growth Inhibition and Total Growth Inhibition) concentration. Furthermore, the chromatographic study of ethanol extract showed the presence of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin and quercetin as polyphenols. The antioxidant mechanism of these polyphenols may be responsible for cytotoxic activity. The present study confirmed anticancer effect of Careya arborea leaves and could be a potential source for future anticancer drugs.