Chemical composition of Trachyspermum ammi L. and its biological properties: A review

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi L. (Apiaceae) commonly known as ajwain is an important medicinal, aromatic and spice plant. It was originated in Egypt and widely distributed throughout the World. Ajwain seeds yield 2-5% brownish essential oil, with thymol as the major constituent along with p-cymene, I³-terpinene, I±-pinene, I²-pinene and I±-terpinene. Due to presence of various chemical constituents in ajwain, various biological and pharmacological properties have been reported. The present study is an effort to collect all the information regarding chemical composition and biological activities of ajwain.