Advances in cultivation of fennel

Abstract

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill), wild or cultivated, is cosmopolitan throughout the world and belongs to the Apiaceae family. It is one of the major seed spices in India which has been ordinarily used as a conventional food and medicine. Fennel seeds are commonly used for their antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties and oestrogen-promoting action. Recent studies has known fennel as a valuable medicinal plant with potential for varied uses, in addition to provide raw materials of pharmaceutical business, particularly steroidal hormones. A significant increase in quantity and quality yields through the suitable practices and chemical constituents could build a necessary contribution to farm and pharmaceutical trade. To achieve these goals with reference to sustainable production, we tend to review an outline of biology and cultivation of fennel in this paper.