Evaluation of phytoextracts and bioagents against stem rot disease of paddy caused by Sclerotium oryzae Catt.

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important sources of food which provide diet more than 50% of the world population. Stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium oryzae, decline the yield of crops. The concern about climate change, environment pollution and sustainable crop production disease management on sustainable basis is crucial. Thus, phytoextracts and bioagents use as an alternative to chemical fungicides for the management of diseases. Effect of phytoextracts and biocontrol agents (BCAs) has evaluated against pathogen Sclerotium oryzae causing stem rot of rice in vitro. The interval of five days at different concentration of phytoextracts revealed that Allium sativum exhibited maximum inhibition of pathogen around 57-75%. Meanwhile Allium cepa and Gingiber officinale show almost equal effect which inhibit 44% of mycelium growth of pathogen at concentration of 20%. The minimum inhibition shown by neem leaf extract was found 28-38% at different concentration. Moreover, BCAs also inhibit pathogen by 35-52% at different interval of days. Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride exhibited better result among different BCAs, inhibited pathogen around 39-52% at different interval of days. While Trichderma koningii and Trichoderma longibractum inhibited 35-47%. The best result shown by Trichoderma harzianum which inhibit pathogen by 52%, 43% and 40% at consecutive interval of three, five and seven days respectively.