Rapid in vitro plant regeneration of Allium Sativum

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum) is an important spice crop which is widely used for culinary and medicinal purposes. In this experimental work of in vitro micropropagation the protocol has been established for regeneration of garlic (Allium sativum L.) plants subjected to MS media with different concentrations of hormones. The study has reliable and reproducible protocols to get healthy and good quality plants from cloves as explants. Leaf discs and root tips were used for callus induction and plantlet regeneration. Satisfactory callus induction was observed in root tips inoculated in MS media supplemented with 2,4-D (1mg/l) + Kn (0.5mg/l). Excellent quality callus of root tips was seen in MS media supplemented with 2,4-D (1.5mg/l) + Kn (5mg/l) weighing 60.98 mg. Shoot regeneration was achieved via callus on MS medium supplemented with combination of 3mg/l BAP and 0.5mg/l NAA. The highest number of shoots that is 5 shoots / callus were observed when the culture is inoculated on to the MS media supplied with 3mg/l BAP and 0.5mg/l NAA. Regenerated plants were transferred on rooting medium. 2.5 mg/l IBA gives highest rooting percentage (80 %) in regenerated plants. In-vitro plantlets were planted in pots containing autoclaved mixture of soil, coco peat and vericompost (1:1:1) and grown in the green house for hardening. Higher survival rate (70 %) was observed when planted in field.