Effects of Lansium domesticum leaf extract on mortality, morphology, and histopathology of Aedes aegypti larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Plant extracts contained bioactive compounds that may kill mosquito larvae. The study aimed to determine an effective concentration of the Lansium domesticum leaf extract and its mechanism in causing Aedes aegypti larval death. Ae. aegypti larvae were exposed to different concentrations of the L. domesticum leaf extracts. The lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value of the extract was used for fractionation. The histopathological examination of the larval midgut was used H&E stain. At 24 h, LC50 and LC90 values of the extract were 0.22% and 0.32%, whereas, at 48 h, LC50 and LC90 values were 0.7% and 1.2% respectively. The larvae became shorter, pale, damage of anal papillae, and the darken siphon. The histopathological larval midgets consisted of the cell protrusion to apical, the detached midgut cells in the lumen, and the irregular cell structure. The L. domesticum leaf extract is a potential plant-based insecticide to control Ae. aegypti population.