A clinicopathological study of lesions of bone

Abstract

Introduction: Bone tumours are neoplasms originating in the skeletal system that are within or closely related to the bone tissue. A spectrum of pathological bone lesions can present in any form from inflammatory to neoplastic conditions. They account for 0.2% of all tumours in humans.Aims & Objectives: To study the clinical and pathological spectrum of lesions of bone.Material and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, in a Tertiary health care hospital. It was a hospital based cross sectional study. After obtaining detailed clinical history and examination, biopsies and resected specimen were received in 10% formalin, gross findings were noted and histopathological examination was done.Results: Histopathological evaluation was done in all 106 cases, obtained in a period of 2 years in the tertiary care hospital. In this study, non-neoplastic and benign neoplastic were the commonest bone lesions which accounted for 40. 6 % each, followed by malignant lesions 15.1% and metastatic lesions 3.7%. The maximum number of bone lesions occurred in second decade of life with a male to female ratio of 1.35:1. The most common presenting feature of all bone lesions was pain. The commonest site of all bone lesions in this study was lower end of femur followed by proximal end of tibia. The most common benign neoplatic neoplasms in this study was giant cell tumour followed by Osteochondroma. Among malignant neoplasm the most common was Osteosarcoma. Epithelial malignancies were the most common to metastasise to bone.Conclusion: Histopathology is the gold standard for the precise diagnosis of the vast number of bone lesions. Since the exact diagnosis of bone tumours is at times difficult, a joint approach integrating clinical, radiological and histopathological findings is necessary to increase accuracy.