Phytochemical profiling and antibacterial activity of selected Sida species against common human pathogenic bacteria: An in vitro study

Abstract

In the present study the acetone, methanol and aqueous extracts of Sida acuta Burm. F, Sida alnifolia L., Sida fryxelli Sivarajan & Pradeep (I.C.) and Sida rhombifolia L., whole plant were screened for the presence of phytochemical components and tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia. Result revealed the presence of phenolics, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. The study indicates that phytochemical constituents of the four species of Sida are different. Acetone extract of Sida didn’t show significant activity compared to the standard amoxicillin. Aqueous and methanolic extracts showed significant antibacterial property at higher dose. The different species of Sida studied didn’t show significant antibacterial competence against E. coli. Prominent anti-bacterial activity was shown by Sida acuta against Staphylococcous aureus (20.5 mm) at 200 µg concentration in methanolic extract. In UV-VIS studies of the extracts in the range of 190nm to 400nm showed large number of peaks indicated the presence of active components in the extract.