Screening of Calophyllum inophyllum L. leaf extracts for cytotoxic, larvicidal, insect repellent and antimicrobial activities

Abstract

Petroleum ether (Pet. ether) and Chloroform (CHCl3) solvent extracts were prepared from Calophyllum inophyllum L. leaves for testing bioactive potentiality and were assessed against brine shrimp (Artemia salina) for cytotoxicity, against larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus for larvicidal activity; against eggplant aphid (Aphis gossypii) and black bean aphid (Aphis fabae) for repellent activity; and against five pathogenic bacteria and three pathogenic fungi for anti-microbial activity tests. Both the extracts exposed propitious results through brine shrimp lethality assay where Pet. ether extract found most effective with LC50 values 1413.490, 384.766 and 37.562ppm for 12, 18 and 24h of exposure respectively against A. salina. These two extracts showed promising larvicidal activity against the first instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus where CHCl3 extract was more active with LC50 values 237.034, 75.492 and 28.783ppm in compare to Pet. ether extract with LC50 values 1854.121, 418.648 and 42.675ppm for 18, 24 and 30h of exposure respectively. In case of repellency test Pet. ether extract found moderately active (P