Chemical composition and anti-proliferative activity of the essential oil of Coriandrum sativum L

Abstract

The aerial parts of Coriandrum sativum were collected from the Yovon region of Tajikistan. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas- chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In-vitro cytotoxicity of the essential oil was determined for three different human tumor cell lines using the MTT method. Fifty-five different compounds were identified in the oil accounting for 99.4% of the composition. The main constituents of the essential oil were aliphatic aldehydes and alcohols such as (2E)-dodecenal(16.5%), decanol(14.9%), decanal (11.3%), tetradecanol (9.2%), (2E)-decene-1-ol (7.4%), (8Z)-undecenal (6.2%), and dodecanal (4.4%).The essential oil showed cytotoxic activity against Caco-2, CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR 5000 tumor cell lines with IC50 values of 86.8, 16.5 and 38.5 µg/mL, respectively. The hemolytic activity (IC50) of the essential oil against red blood cells (RBC) was 2.3 mg/mL.