In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial effectiveness chitosan based tetracycline gel on some pathogenic periodontal bacteria

Abstract

Plaque bacteria are the main cause of periodontal disease such as periodontitis. Generally, most of the identified bacteriaare anaerobic negative-gram as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum. Tetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotics that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria of periodontal. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of chitosanbased tetracycline gel in inhibiting periodontal pathogenic bacteria growth with in vitro evaluation. gel made by mixing the tetracycline each concentration with 0,4 g chitosan were dissolved using 1% citric acid and added with aquabidest up to 100 ml. The bacteria used were pure culture of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 29522), Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 25586) and cultured in Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. Bacteria test done by placing the chitosan based gel into Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) media that have been made wells by 5 mm, after incubation for 1 day, inhibition zone was measured using caliper. The average diameter of inhibition zone of each tetracycline gel 0,5%, 0,7% and 1% chitosan based againts A.actinomycetemcomitans, P.gingivalis dan F.nucleatum up to 27 mm. 1% tetracycline gel based chitosan showed the greatest inhibition zone diameter and visible presence of significant differences in concentrations 0,7%, 0,5%. while 0.5% tetracycline gel based chitosan showed the smallest diameter. The result suggested that0,5%, 0,7% and 1% chitosan based tetracycline gel hasstrong influence on A.actinomycetemcomitans, P.gingivalis and F.nucleatum bacteria.