Effect of crushing of clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum) and distillation rate on main constituents of the essential oil

Abstract

The essential oil from clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum) was extracted by hydrodistillation. The main compounds of the essential oil were eugenol, caryophyllene and eugenyl acetate. Distillation process was prepared with whole clove bud and crushed clove bud. Composition of eugenol, β-caryophyllene and eugenyl acetate for whole clove bud were 77.53%, 5.90 %, 12.07 % respectively and crushed clove bud were 72.40%, 12.61%, and 9.59 % respectively. The particle size influenced composition of eugenol, caryophyllene and eugenyl acetate for variation of time in distillation process. Component of eugenol in whole clove bud increased from 78.16 % to 79.93%, caryophyllene decreased from 7.22% to 5.17% and eugenyl acetat decreased from 8.69% to 7.65%. Effect of crushing of clove bud made difference of composition. Component of eugenol in crushed clove bud increased from 44.54 % to 74.78%, caryophyllene decreased from 44.92% to 12.83% and eugenyl acetate increased from 1.07% to 6.8%.