The potential role of M2 macrophages as potential inflammation reversing strategy in degenerative disc disease: A systematic review and future perspectives

Abstract

The role of inflammation in Degenerative Disc Disease is a key part of understanding the pathophysiology of this condition. M2 macrophages, having the opposite role, tend to produce anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β, as well as growth factors such as VEGF and TGF-β, which reduce inflammation and promote tissue healing processes. The aim of this study is to determine the role of M2 Macrophages in reversing inflammation in Degenerative Disc Disease based on evidence that has been collected from systematic research. This research method is a literature review article. The main databases used were PubMed and ProQuest. Common words and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms were used in the search strategy to identify relevant studies addressing the role of M2 Macrophages. The results of this research are the potential development of new therapies based on M2 Macrophages, such as cell therapy or gene therapy, offering new hope in the management of DDD in the future. However, further research and interdisciplinary collaboration are needed to overcome these challenges and validate the effectiveness and safety of M2 Macrophages-based therapy in the treatment of DDD.