Workplace ergonomic risk assessment (WERA) among makhana processing workers

Abstract

Makhana processing workers often perform their tasks for long hours in small spaces while adopting awkward postures, which may increase their exposure to ergonomic risks. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of ergonomic risk among makhana processing workers using the Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) method. An experimental-cum-observational descriptive study was conducted on different makhana processing activities carried out by workers in Mannigacchi village of Darbhanga district, Bihar. WERA tool was used to evaluate repetition, contact stress, forceful exertion, health hazards and awkward postures during various tasks. Video recordings and photographs of each activity were taken, and the collected data were analysed using Kinovea software to measure and assess the angle deviation of different body parts, including the neck, shoulders, back, wrists, and legs. The results revealed that the highest WERA score of 46 was recorded for the cleaning of seeds activity, indicating a high ergonomic risk level. This suggests that the postures, repetitive movements, and working conditions involved in this task may increase the possibility of musculoskeletal disorders among workers. In comparison, the sun drying activity recorded a WERA score of 41, which falls under the medium risk category, indicating that although the task does not pose an immediate severe risk, it still requires attention and further investigation. The findings also indicate that the traditional hand tools and equipment used in makhana processing are not compatible with the anthropometric and physiological characteristics of the workers, which contributes to several ergonomic problems and health hazards. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the existing work conditions and work environment and develop ergonomically suitable tools and workstations to reduce risk factors and ensure a safer and healthier working environment for makhana processing workers.