Challenges faced by handloom weavers in Manipur and differences between registered and unregistered weavers

Abstract

The handloom sector is one of the largest sources of rural employment in India, playing a significant role in preserving traditional skills and supporting livelihoods. Despite its importance, the sector continues to face multiple challenges that affect the sustainability and economic well-being of weavers. This study examines the key challenges faced by handloom weavers in Manipur, with a focus on Thoubal district and Imphal East district. A total of 600 respondents were selected using a random sampling method from blocks of the two slected districts. The study employs the Rank Based Quotient (RBQ) method to identify and prioritize the challenges experienced by weavers. The findings indicate that health-related issues due to prolonged working conditions (RBQ = 82.85), frequent power outages (RBQ = 82.64), and lack of shared infrastructure facilities (RBQ = 79.21) are the most severe constraints. Other significant challenges include inadequate training opportunities, dependence on middlemen, limited market exposure and rising input costs. Further, the study compares the challenges faced by registered and unregistered weavers, revealing notable disparities in access to government schemes, financial services, market platforms and skill development opportunities. While registered weavers have relatively better access to institutional support, unregistered weavers remain largely excluded, particularly in terms of government assistance and credit access. The study concludes that addressing both structural and institutional gaps is essential for strengthening the handloom sector in Manipur. Policy interventions focusing on infrastructure development, skill enhancement, improved market linkages and inclusion of unregistered weavers into formal systems are crucial for ensuring sustainable livelihood opportunities and long-term sectoral growth.