Constraints faced by respondents in adopting Income Generating Activities (IGAs) under TSP and formulating strategies for their effective promotion

Abstract

This study investigates the various constraints faced by respondents in adopting Income Generating Activities (IGAs) under the Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) and aims to propose effective strategies to overcome these barriers. Using data from 120 respondents, key challenges were identified and ranked based on Garrett mean scores. The most pressing issue, as revealed by the analysis, was the lack of awareness about government policies and schemes, with a Garrett mean score of 65.00, indicating a critical gap in information dissemination. Cultural, religious and traditional beliefs emerged as the second-highest barrier, reflecting the deep-rooted societal norms that hinder participation in IGAs. Accessibility issues, ranking third, highlight the logistical challenges that restrict individuals from leveraging available resources and opportunities. Other significant constraints included insufficient specialized skill training (ranked fourth), which emphasizes the need for accessible and relevant vocational programs. Limited extension contact and inadequate guidance and leadership further restrict the ability of individuals to navigate IGA opportunities effectively. Educational deficiencies, poor infrastructure such as road connectivity, and misconceptions about IGAs also contribute to the challenges. Additionally, the inclination of rural youth towards agricultural labor (ranked tenth) highlights the need for initiatives that shift perceptions and promote IGAs as viable and lucrative alternatives. By addressing these constraints and implementing these strategies, stakeholders can create a more inclusive and supportive environment for IGAs. These efforts will not only improve individual livelihoods but also contribute to broader economic growth and the sustainable development of rural and tribal communities.