Efficacy of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in managing abnormal uterine bleeding: A prospective study at maternal hospital, GMC Jammu

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological condition affecting women of reproductive age. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in managing AUB, focusing on bleeding patterns, comorbidities, and ultrasound findings. Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted at Maternal Hospital, Government Medical College (GMC), Jammu, from January 2022 to January 2023. Eighty women aged 30-45 years with AUB were enrolled. LNG-IUS was inserted, and patients were followed up at 1, 4, and 12 months. Bleeding patterns, hemoglobin levels, and ultrasound findings were recorded. Results: Significant improvements were observed in bleeding patterns, with amenorrhea rates increasing from 5.7% at 1 month to 73.5% at 12 months. Hemoglobin levels improved from a baseline mean of 6.8 g/dL to 9.8 g/dL. Comorbidities such as hypertension (18.8%) and diabetes (7.5%) were prevalent. Ultrasound findings revealed adenomyosis in 37.5% and fibroids in 18.6% of participants. Conclusion: LNG-IUS is an effective, nonsurgical treatment for AUB, significantly reducing menstrual bleeding and improving hemoglobin levels. It is a viable option for women seeking fertility-sparing management of AUB.