Clinical and haemato-biochemical assessment of herbal therapy in the treatment of genital prolapse in buffaloes

Abstract

Genital prolapse is a common and life-threatening obstetrical emergency in buffaloes, particularly during the peri-parturient period. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical efficacy and haemato-biochemical changes associated with herbal therapy in the management of vaginal and uterine prolapse in buffaloes. A total of forty buffaloes presented with genital prolapse were selected and categorized into two major conditions, namely vaginal prolapse (n = 20) and uterine prolapse (n = 20). Animals in each condition were further divided into two treatment groups: Pop-in herbal spray-treated groups (T1 and T3; n = 10 each) and sugar/saturated sugar solution-treated groups (T2 and T4; n = 10 each). Clinical parameters such as time taken for tissue shrinkage, ease of replacement, replacement time and recurrence within 48 h were recorded. Blood and serum samples were collected on the day of treatment and on the third day post-treatment for evaluation of haemoglobin, PCV, TEC, TLC, neutrophil count, glucose, SGOT, SGPT, total protein, albumin, calcium and phosphorus. Pop-in spray produced rapid and marked reduction in oedema with tissue shrinkage occurring within 10-20 min, facilitating easier and faster replacement of prolapsed organs compared to sugar solution. Significant alterations in haematological and biochemical parameters were observed in prolapse-affected buffaloes, characterized by anaemia, leucocytosis, hypocalcaemia and elevated SGOT levels. Post-treatment evaluation revealed significant improvement in inflammatory markers, mineral profile and hepatic enzyme levels in both treatment regimens, with better overall clinical response in Pop-in spray-treated animals. The study concludes that herbal therapy, particularly Pop-in spray, is an effective, economical and field-applicable adjunct for the management of genital prolapse in buffaloes.