The December beauty of the tropics: Production technology of Barleria: A review

Abstract

Barleria cristata, commonly known as the December Flower of the Tropics. It describes the plant’s origin, distribution and botanical features, highlighting its adaptability to tropical and subtropical climates. The article outlines the ornamental, cultural and medicinal importance of Barleria, particularly its use in garlands, religious functions and traditional medicine in South India. Key species and popular varieties, especially the high-yielding CO-1 variety, are discussed with emphasis on their flowering behavior and commercial potential. The article also explains cultivation and production practices, including propagation methods, soil and climate requirements, irrigation, pruning, nutrient management and pest control. Flowering period, yield potential, harvesting practices and post-harvest handling are briefly covered. Overall, the article emphasizes Barleria as an attractive, hardy and economically valuable ornamental plant suitable for gardens and commercial flower production.