Percoll density gradient-mediated enrichment of Sahiwal bulls spermatozoa and quality assessment of functional competence

Abstract

Semen quality is a crucial determinant of fertility in cattle, in era of continuous high demand of milk and milk product, for that spermatozoon with high motility, viability, and functional integrity of being essential for successful fertilization. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Percoll density gradient method in improving spermatozoa quality in Sahiwal bulls. In this study semen samples were collected 3 healthy bulls and assessed for standard quality parameters, and processed using Percoll gradients to enrich functionally superior spermatozoa. Percoll separation significantly improved progressive motility (78.75±1.09% vs. 74.58±1.03%), viability (91.54±0.63% vs. 83.00±0.70%), and reduced morphological abnormalities (7.56±0.44% vs. 11.16±0.49%) compared to unsorted semen sample. This study indicates that Percoll density gradient method effectively enriches high-quality spermatozoa in Sahiwal bulls and support for its application in assisted reproductive technologies like AI and IVF for improve fertility in livestock.