Role of biorational pesticides in sustainable agriculture system: Strategies and innovations

Abstract

Biorational pesticides are manmade or natural substances found in animals, plants, microorganisms, and minerals, or their derivatives. Biorational pesticides include the microbiological pesticide Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), neonicotinoids, avermectins, phenlpyrazoles, spinosyns, pyrroles, oxadiazines, and a variety of insect growth regulators. These compounds are efficient against the target pest, yet they are less harmful to natural adversaries and environmentally friendly. Biorational insecticides are gaining favor in this era of environmental knowledge and concern. The use of biorational products for insect pest. New techniques to pest control include the discovery of novel drugs that disrupt specific processes in insects, such as chitin synthesis inhibitors, juvenile hormone mimics, and ecdysone agonists. Furthermore, efforts have been made to develop compounds that selectively act on groups of insects by inhibiting or enhancing biochemical sites such as respiration (diafenthiuron), nicotinyl acetylcholine receptors (imidacloprid and acetamiprid), GABA receptors (avermectins), sucking pest salivary glands (pymetrozine), and others. Pesticides' severe environmental consequences, along with a resistance dilemma, have fueled demand for alternative pest management methods.