Prevalence and therapeutic evaluation of using Serum anguillae and Urea pura in management of chronic kidney disease in dog

Abstract

The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence, haemato-biochemical and nephrosonographic alterations, and to compare the therapeutic efficacy of homeopathic and conventional medicines in dogs suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Forty CKD-affected dogs, irrespective of age, breed or sex, presented at the Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Khanapara, were randomly allocated into two groups (n=20 each). Group A received homeopathic formulations Serum anguillae 6X and Urea pura 30CH while Group B was administered conventional drugs (Rkleen and Renodyl). The overall prevalence of CKD was found to be 1.25%, with the highest incidence observed in Labrador Retrievers (0.64%) and dogs aged above 6 to 10 years (0.72%). Common clinical manifestations included inappetence, vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, diarrhoea, pale mucous membranes, dehydration, lethargy, weight loss and haematuria. Haemato-biochemical evaluations revealed leukocytosis, elevated serum creatinine, BUN, phosphorus and potassium, along with decreased albumin and chloride levels. Urinalysis indicated proteinuria and increased urine protein-to-creatinine ratio. Nephrosonographic changes comprised increased cortical echogenicity, thickened renal cortices, loss of corticomedullary differentiation and wavy renal capsule. Both homeopathic and conventional therapies were found to be equally effective in managing CKD stages II and III, with homeopathy offering added economic advantage and no observed adverse effects. However, cases of stage IV CKD showed poor response to either therapeutic modality.