Natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) - A sustainable method for the extraction of natural compounds

Abstract

As an effective and sustainable method of extracting bioactive compounds from a variety of plant and food wastes, Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) have drawn interest. This review offers a thorough examination of current research on the application of NADES to the extraction of antioxidants, phenolic compounds, and other bio actives from a variety of sources. Greener and more effective extraction technologies are made possible by the promising role that NADES play in improving bioavailability, stability, and antioxidant activity. Fundamentally, NADES are eutectic mixes created by mixing two or more naturally occurring substances.  These mixtures usually include a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and an acceptor (HBA), which create a network of hydrogen bonds. When two or more naturally occurring compounds are combined, usually a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and a hydrogen bond donor (HBD), a network of hydrogen bonds is created and the melting point of the resulting eutectic mixture is much lower than that of the constituent parts. This is the fundamental definition of NADES. These constituent includes sugars, organic acids, polyols, amino acids, and choline derivatives.  The need to maximize the recovery of important chemicals from natural sources, such as agricultural and food processing wastes, has led to a substantial increase in the use of NADES in the extraction of bioactive compounds in recent years. The food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries might greatly benefit from the high concentrations of phenolic and antioxidants found in these wastes, which are frequently thrown away or misused. In this regard, NADES provide an effective way to recover these molecules while reducing the extraction process's negative environmental effects. Furthermore, NADES are very appealing for the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals due to their capacity to improve the stability and bioavailability of extracted substances.