A review on status of avian diversity of Haryana, India

Abstract

Birds are integral components of natural ecosystems, occupying a significant place in the food chain. They provide various ecosystem services, such as acting as pollinators, agents of seed dispersal, pollution indicators, providing sustenance for other animal predators, and contributing to nutrient recycling processes. Haryana, located in northern India, is considered as a remarkable birding destination due to presence of diverse natural habitats, such as agricultural land, wetlands, grasslands, wildlife sanctuaries, forest patches and national parks etc. harbouring huge diversity of residential as well as migratory birds coming from different countries all over the world especially through Central Asian Flyways. A large area of Haryana is included in the economically important National Capital Region (NCR) for planning and development purposes. The visitor birds of Haryana are facing threat of extinction due to uncontrolled development resulting in change in land use pattern of natural habitats of the state, causing decline in their diversity. They serve as a significant indicator for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation of various habitats; hence, it is very essential to study their diversity and conservation status regularly. This review is prepared on the basis of information available from previous studies, with an objective to understand the diversity and status of birds in different regions of Haryana. Effective biodiversity conservation strategies and proper action plan should be prepared to protect and monitor the bird population of the state. It will form a base for further studies required to assess the avian diversity of Haryana.