Assessment of Musa paradisiaca root extracts wound-healing and antimicrobial potential in rat models

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of wound healing scientifically and the antimicrobial potential of aqueous and hydro-methanolic root extracts of Musa paradisiaca (MPAQ and MPHM). Surgical cut and skin removal wound models were carried out employing Wistar albino rodents. Musa paradisiaca, commonly known as banana or plantain, has been traditionally used for treating skin ailments and infections, but limited pharmacological evidence exists regarding its wound-healing potential. Methods: Roots of Musa paradisiaca were shade-dried, powdered, and extracted using distilled water and 70% methanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening identified major secondary metabolites. Ointment formulations containing 10% (w/w) of both extracts were prepared using a standard simple ointment base. Four groups (n = 6) of healthy Wistar rats were created: aqueous extract (MPAQ), hydro-methanolic extract (MPHM), standard (5% povidone-iodine ointment), and untreated control. Excision and incision wound models were used to assess the possibility for wound healing. Tensile strength, epithelialization time, wound contraction rate, and histological alterations were among the parameters evaluated. To verify safety, dermal toxicity experiments were also carried out in accordance with OECD guideline 404. Results: Both extracts contained flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids, according to phytochemical research. Neither extract produced any dermal irritation or toxicity. Both MPAQ and MPHM exhibited significant (p