Assessment of genetic variability in Crossandra genotypes

Abstract

Use of the conventional urea not only increase the cost of income but also act as harfull effect on crop, soil The present investigation entitled Assessment of genetic variability in crossandra genotypes was conducted at ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru. To facilitate effective crop improvement strategies. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation (PCV and GCV) were highest for number of flowers per plant 66.10%., peduncle length (PCV=49.45%, GCV=48.42%), and yield (PCV=39.01%, GCV=38.95%), suggesting significant genetic variability and scope for selection. Heritability estimates ranged from moderate to high (65.37%-100%), with traits like number of flowers per plant and fresh flower count per 100 g exhibiting near-complete heritability, indicative of strong additive genetic control. Genetic advance and genetic advance as percent of mean were highest for number of flowers per plant (1431.32%), peduncle length (97.68%) and yield (80.13%), reinforcing their amenability to selection. Traits with high heritability and genetic advance suggest predominance of additive gene action, while those with moderate heritability and low genetic advance, such as rachis length and flower length, may require hybridization or alternative breeding approaches. These findings provide a robust foundation for targeted selection and genetic enhancement in crossandra breeding programs