Hypothyroidism associated insulin resistant diabetes mellitus in a dog: A case report

Abstract

Hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus are two common endocrine disorders in dogs, but their co-occurrence is relatively rare and poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. A three-year-old female Indian Spitz, weighing 17kg, was presented with the history of polyuria, polydipsia, weight gain, lethargy, seborrhoea with recurrent skin infections, rough brittle hair coat and exercise intolerance. On clinical examination accelerated heart rate was observed. Haemato-biochemical analysis revealed hyperglycemia both pre-prandially and post-prandially, while thyroid profile indicated hypothyroidism with reduced total T4 and free T4 levels. Based on the diagnostic investigation case was diagnosed as hypothyroidism associated insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus. The dog was managed with a combination of hormone replacement therapy, insulin therapy, supportive medications, and dietary modifications. This report highlights the significance of considering concurrent endocrine disorders in canine patients with poor glycemic control, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and integrated management to improve clinical outcomes.